Obamas 2008 Cooper Union Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Obamas 2008 Cooper Union Speech - Essay Example Obama, in 2008, had an arrangement to restore America by driving punishments on poor and ravenous corporate pioneers, giving customers lodging related expense credits, and make new guidelines that ensure budgetary foundations don't take on significant levels of hazard, in any case, this recharging system has not been completely powerful. Â Obama saw that more tight guideline would keep budgetary foundations from accepting open doors from customary, working class residents. He felt that a deregulated domain had been motivation to why venture organizations and business banks assumed considerably a lot of obligation and there was no framework set up to ensure they had enough capital stores. This is on the grounds that dangerous resource sponsored protections and subsidiaries were wobbly sheet exchanges. He needed a crackdown on advertise control that was making numerous organizations experience quick drops in their stock qualities when short-dealers were utilizing deceptive strategies to drive down stock costs for their own benefit. Â Obama likewise observed that building a sort of best practice hazard the board framework for banks and for the general economy would recharge America. He sees that this adjustment in chance administration and a difference in corporate authority perspectives would reshape the economy for the 21st Century and give white collar class shoppers more assurance against another money related emergency. Numerous ordinary residents lost their positions and lost their riches because of unregulated venture establishments and Obama considered reestablishment to be a methods for putting these partners first. Â He appears to see that the division between the well off and the less-advantaged is removing the American dream. Hence, by ensuring that companies and speculation firms are considered responsible for their activities, it will ensure that working class purchasers can again look for the American dream without being defrauded by an economy harmed by eagerness and poor government oversight.

Reflection on the book 'The White Castle' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection on the book 'The White Castle' - Essay Example Like in the story Hoja, a Muslim, made the western slave educate him concerning their ways of life and he favored these western styles over theirs. Pamuk depicts religion with extraordinary consideration in the book and shows how the two distinct contemplations of West and East can consolidate. The Ottoman culture follows the old conventions as indicated by their religion and along these lines don't avoid potential risk when a plague hits Istanbul, anyway the Italian slave encourages the Sultan to utilize such measures for the finish of plague and the Sultan does inevitably follow the Western method of expelling the plague which ends up being effective. Pamuk in his story White Castle tells about the real factors of life in the seventeenth century. It portrays various occasions occurring in the Ottoman Empire. Pitilessness is predominant all through the plot of the story and can be obviously seen in the characters. The Italian Scholar is by all accounts laid into a snare by the Eastern world yet is spared by his own insight. So also Pamuk is depicting the Eastern world with extraordinary vulnerability and cold-bloodedness. The privateers who catch the Italian researcher are merciless in nature and are as far as anyone knows going to execute the researcher. Anyway the scholar’s insight encourages him to mislead the privateers into feeling that he is a specialist and this spares his life. Be that as it may, then again the privateers don't free the researcher; they rather blessing him as a captive to Hoja. The character of Hoja can likewise be seen to be savage as he retains all the data from the Italian researcher about his way of life and still, at the end of the day doesn't allow him to free. The brutal idea of Hoja can once more be found in his point of structuring a fatal weapon which would assist his domain with conquering different states. What's more, moreover, when the weapon doesn't fill in true to form by him he takes the personality of the Italian researcher and flees leaving him in the Ottoman

What Book Riot Contributors are Reading Today!

What Book Riot Contributors are Reading Today! In this feature at Book Riot, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). See a Rioter who is reading your favorite book? I’ve included the link that will take you to their author archives (meaning, that magical place that organizes what they’ve written for the site). Gird your loins â€" this list combined with all of those archived posts will make your TBR list EXPLODE. We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Jamie Canaves Death in D Minor (Gethsemane Brown Mysteries #2) by Alexia Gordon: Music, art, mystery, and ghosts is apparently everything I didn’t realize I needed to read right now. (egalley) The Monsters of Templeton by Lauren Groff: I loved Fates Furies and while trying to find out if Groff’s first novel was a mystery or not I discovered that a lot of Rioters loved it so automatic must-read-now for me! (ebook) The Hole by Hye-Young Pyun, Sora Kim-Russell (translation): Korean psychological horror thriller is something I can’t say no to. Nor do I want to. (egalley) Heartsick by Chelsea Cain: I am forever pissed off that her Mockingbird comic was canceled so I figured it was time to finally start reading her mystery bookswhich have been recommended to me a bazillion times. I inhaled half this book before bed (Bedtime? What bedtime?) and see why it got recommended so much. (paperback) Casey Stepaniuk Foxglove Summer by Ben Aaronovitch: Ive been trying to stretch out this series cause I dont want it to be over but I just HAD to find out what happened in the wake of the last book, so I downloaded it immediately after finishing the previous one. (Audiobook) Claire Handscombe The Vanderbeekers of 141st Street by Karina Yan Glaser: The author is one of our own contributors and I was curious to see what she had written especially with all the buzz it’s been getting. It’s great so far, fun and really well written with strong characters definitely going on the list for any presents I need to buy middle graders. (ARC) The Party  by Elizabeth Day: This book has been on lots of “must-read” lists in the UK and it sounded right my street the British establishment meets deep dark secrets at a fortieth birthday party. It’s coming to the US next month, and I begged the Little, Brown publicist for a copy and started reading straight away. It’s so good. (ARC) Who Thought This Was a Good Idea  by Alyssa Mastromonaco: I have been dying to read this White House memoir by a young, female Josh Lyman for a months but was holding firm because the ebook price was astronomical. But then it was on special offer for a day, so I went for it. Yay. (ebook) Rebecca Hussey My Heart Hemmed In by Marie NDiaye, translated by Jordan Stump: I’ve read two other NDiaye novels and have found them beautiful, rich, and strange. This one was originally published in French in 2007, and I’m excited that Two Lines Press is publishing a translation this summer. (paperback) Dear Committee Members by Julie Schumacher: I can never resist a good academic novel, and this one is epistolary, told solely through letters of recommendation. It’s an awesome concept. (hardcover) Mya Nunnally The Obelisk Gate by N.K. Jemisin: I had read The Fifth Season a while back, and just recently reread it in order to read this (its sequel) and The Stone Sky, the final book in Jemisin’s fantasy series. (paperback) The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet by Becky Chambers: This has been on my to-be-read list for a while despite its (in my opinion) terrible cover. I love supporting self-published authors. (ebook) 11/22/63 by Stephen King: After thoroughly enjoying the Hulu adaptation, I thought I would read the novel (paperback) Liberty Hardy This Will Be My Undoing: Living at the Intersection of Black, Female, and Feminist in (White) America by Morgan Jerkins (Jan. 30, 2018, Harper Perennial): Jerkins is one of my favorite people to follow on Twitter, and I have been eagerly awaiting this collection! (e-galley) Artemis by Andy Weir (Nov. 14, Crown): *MUPPET ARMS* The author of The Martian has a new book, and so far, it’s great! (e-galley) A State of Freedom by Neel Mukherjee (Jan. 2, W.W. Norton Company): I don’t know anything about this book except someone told me it was great, so away we go! (e-galley) Vacationland: True Stories from Painful Beaches by John Hodgman (Oct. 24, Viking): Vacationland is the slogan on our license plates here in Maine, so I think I am legally required to read this. (e-galley) Alison Doherty Magic for Beginners by Kelly Link: Years ago I saw this book at Skylight Books in Los Angeles under staff recommendations. It was described as a mix between Harry Potter and Alice Munro. So far these stories are living up to that recommendation! (paperback) Girls and Sex: Navigating the New Landscape by Peggy Orenstein: Put this on hold at the library after listening to an old NPR podcast with the author. It’s interesting how, at age twenty-nine, half the time I identify with the perspective of the teen girls and half the time I identify with the adult author. (hardcover) Karina Glaser Girls Who Code by Reshma Saujani (8/22, Penguin Random House): Reshma Saujani is my hero, and I’m so excited about this book! (ARC) Secret Coders: Robots and Repeats by Gene Luen Yang and Mike Holmes (10/3, First Second): Guess I’m on a tech/coding kick! Love this series and can’t wait for this newest one to be released. (Paperback) Christina Vortia Speak of Me As I Am by Sonia Belasco: I’ve been really excited to read this book, so when I saw it available on my library Hoopla account, I jumped on it! (Audiobook) Rebecca Renner From Here to Eternity: Traveling the World to Find the Good Death by Caitlin Doughty (10/3 W. W. Norton): This book had me at the Dia de los Muertos skull on the cover, but its kept me with the amazing research Doughty uses to describe the death rituals of various world cultures. Believe it or not, this book is funny, too! (egalley) Sarah Nicolas The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas: I’m so glad I finally got to this book! The book is heartbreaking and I was so pleased to discover the audiobook is narrated by Bahni Turpin, who is incredibly talented. (audiobook) It’s Not Like It’s a Secret by Misa Sugiura: I’d heard mixed reviews on this one, but it’s a YA f/f romance and I’m here for all the sweet, sweet lady kisses! (audiobook) Given to the Sea by Mindy McGinnis: The publisher offered me a review copy of this one and I’m a sucker for women in fantasy settings escaping their inescapable fates. (audiobook review copy) The Reader by Traci Chee: I feel like I slept on this one last year and am so happy it crossed my path again. And it has another favorite narrator, Kim Mai Guest! (audiobook) Beth O’Brien Too Fat, Too Slutty, Too Loud: The Rise and Reign of the Unruly Woman by Anne Helen Peterson: I binge-listened to most of this while I was sick this week, too tired to use my eyeballs. I’ve been really enjoying the smart commentary on women in pop culture and doing some low key fist pumping. (audio) The Mother of All Questions by Rebecca Solnit: I guess I’m feeling particularly feminist this month. I’m not very far into this collection of essays, but I’m really enjoying it. I’ve already jotted down some great quotes! (paperback) The Fact of a Body: A Murder and a Memoir by Alexandria Marzano-Lesnevich: I’ve been hearing great things about this one and have been eagerly waiting for my hold to come in at the library. It’s finally here and so far it’s right up my alley. (hardcover) Jessica Yang Noteworthy by Riley Redgate: I had fun reading Seven Ways We Lie and also, despite being not at all musical, I love a cappella so I had to check this out! (hardcover) Deepali Agarwal A State of Freedom by Neel Mukherjee: Is reading this before his other, Booker Prize-nominated work a good idea? We’ll soon find out, because I found the cover blurb for this book fascinating, and could not resist. Dealing with displacement and migration, Mukherjee’s latest book promises something adjacent to Mohsin Hamid, and I will do anything to fill the giant, Exit West-shaped hole in my heart. (hardcover) Inferior by Angela Saini: I know that we live in an oppressively patriarchal world, with targeted misinformation about women seeking to keep them in their place all the time, but reading the facts and details behind the narrative that has always been spun for us hits hard. I’m reading this because I need to. (paperback) Lone Fox Dancing by Ruskin Bond: To balance out the heartache from some difficult reads, I am also reading Ruskin Bond’s autobiography, which is a beautiful mix of his experiences. Bond’s writing has a charm which makes everythingfrom love to heartbreakcharming and soothing. (hardcover) Aram Mrjoian Home Fire by Kamila Shamsie: I just got started on this novel, which I am reading to review. (ARC) Spatializing Blackness: Architectures of Confinement and Black Masculinity in Chicago by Rashad Shabazz: I am currently reading this book for a class and it’s brilliant. I highly recommend it both for people living in Chicago and across the U.S. (paperback) Sharanya Sharma Want  by Cindy Pon:  A futuristic YA about the Haves vs. the Have-nots where even clean air is a luxury you have to afford, and one boy whos willing do anything to change that. Air suits, flying cars, virtual world-hopping, kidnapping, spy games, protests, and romance â€" how could I pass that up?! Christine Ro The Intuitionist by Colson Whitehead: This book is delightfully bonkers. It’s a moody satire of race relations told through the medium ofelevator obsession. Exactly. (Paperback) Monica Friedman The Ethical Slut: a Guide to Infinite Sexual Possibilities by Dossie Easton and Catherine Liszt. If I’m going to be a slut, I want to go about it in an ethical fashion. (Paperback) The Guardian Angel of Farflung Station by Edward Hoornaert. Every month for the last year or so, I’ve met up with Ed and other members of the Science Fiction Writers America (Tucson chapter) to write quietly together for two hours. Ed gave me this book. (Paperback) Shiri Sondheimer Throne of the Crescent Moon by Saladin Ahmed: His Black Bolt run is incredible and I can’t wait for the next issue to gobble more of his words. (e-book) An Oath of Dogs by Wendy N. Wagner: Attended a live world-building panel at Emerald City Comic Con in which Wendy participated. She is hilarious and a darn-fine storyteller. (e-book) Ilana Masad Where the Past Begins by Amy Tan: I’m reading this memoir for a review and it’s mesmerizing to see how this author’s brain works (ARC) Meanwhile, Elsewhere edited by Cat Fitzpatrick and Casey Plett: This is an incredible anthology I’m also reading for a review, and it’s all speculative fiction by trans writers. I’m in love! (ARC) Katie McLain The Pale Blue Eye  by  Louis Bayard: I’ve had this one on my list for a while dark historical mystery featuring a young Edgar Allan Poe but honestly, the reason why I’m reading it now was because all the mystery/suspense audiobooks I REALLY wanted to listen to were all downloaded already from my library. (digital audiobook) Black Dahlia, Red Rose: The Crime, Corruption, and Cover-Up of America’s Greatest Unsolved Murder by Piu Eatwell (Liveright, October 10, 2017): I’ve been on a historical true crime kick lately, and surprisingly, I haven’t read much about the Black Dahlia. (ARC) Kathleen Keenan The Vegetarian by Han Kang: This book has received rave reviews literally everywhere, and a copy finally came in at my library. (paperback) Kate Krug Warcross by Marie Lu: Because every single one of the book bloggers I follow have given this RAVE reviews and I had to get in on the action. And I’m all for a bad ass Asian hacker heroine. (ARC) Wicked Like a Wildfire by Lana Popovic: First, the cover is gorge. Second, a dark, magical fantasy. Third, Eastern European characterswhich I do not read a lot about. (ARC) Steph Auteri The Fact of a Body by Alexandria Marzano-Lesnevich: I was intrigued by the premise of this book, a memoir by a woman who thought herself staunchly against the death penalty, but whose beliefs are shaken when a particular murder case reveals parallels with her own past. (Ebook) The Willpower Instinct by Kelly McGonigal: I’m actually reading this one at the suggestion of a pair of ghostwriting clients, as the contents informed their own writing. But heck, I could certainly use more willpower, so this is turning into a self-helpy read, too. (Hardcover) Push by Sapphire: Because I’ve only ever seen the movie. (Paperback) Jessica Plummer He’s Got Rhythm: The Life and Career of Gene Kelly by Cynthia Brideson and Sara Brideson: I love Kelly, but I’m struggling a bit with the authors’ rose-tinted perspective on him and some oddly dated and homophobic framing. (ARC) A Confusion of Princes by Garth Nix: This has been sitting on my TBR pile for literal years and I finally dusted it off and cracked into it. It’s slow going so far, but I’ve loved Nix’s work in the past so I’m hoping it’ll pick up. (Hardcover) Derek Attig Don’t Call Us Dead: Poems by Danez Smith: Smith is known for writing poetry that grapples with police violence and white supremacy, and this incredible collection continues that aesthetically and politically crucial work. You should pre-order a copy right now. (ARC) Artemis by Andy Weir: I enjoyed The Martian, so I jumped at this. (ARC) Kate Scott We Love You, Charlie Freeman by Kaitlyn Greenidge: This has been on my TBR list since last year. I love stories that have to do with science and animal cognition and this one checks those boxes. (Library Hardcover) The Complete Enneagram by Beatrice Chestnut: I love learning about the Enneagram and this book focuses on the instinctual subtypes, which is not an aspect of the Enneagram that I am very familiar with. (Library Paperback) In a Sunburned Country by Bill Bryson: I listened to two Bill Bryson audiobooks last year and loved both, so I’m giving this one a try. (Audiobook) The Wicked Boy by Kate Summerscale: This is on my TBR list from last year. I’m in the mood for true crime and this sounds like a particularly interesting case. (Library Hardcover) Tasha Brandstatter When Dimple Met Rishi by Sandhya Menon: Noticed this was available on Hoopla and thought, why not? Moon Over the Mediterranean by Sheri Cobb South: I love South’s John Pickett mysteries series, and this book was described as an homage to Mary Stewart, one of my favorite writers. Dana Staves Thanks, Obama:  My Hopey, Changey White House Years by David Litt:  Fresh out of college, David Litt landed a job as one of the speechwriters for the Obama White House, and this book is his story of his time working for the administration. Part humorous political memoir, part wistful look back at a gentler time, all tinged with Litt’s self-deprecating humor and the hindsight that comes from post-Obama life. (ARC, Ecco, September 19, 2017) Adiba Jaigirdar A Wrinkle In Time by Madeleine L’Engle: I saw the trailer for the new movie. Loved it. Realised that I had somehow never read the book. I had to rectify that immediately. (ebook) Margaret Kingsbury The Refrigerator Monologues by Catherynne M. Valente: Because she’s my favorite author and is AMAZING! (Hardcover) When the English Fall by David Williams. I enjoy a good apocalypse novel, and this one seems unique as it centers on the perspective of an Amish farmer. (Egalley) Rabeea Saleem Madness Is Better Than Defeat  by Ned Beauman: I love eccentric plotlines so this madcap romp through a lost Mayan temple in the jungles of Honduras seems to be right up my alley. It also features a rogue CIA agent! (Paperback). Priya Sridhar Miami Beach by Howard Kleinberg: I’m reading this as research for a novella. Before Miami Beach was a party city, it was marshy area ripe for opportunity. Black and white photographs capture the century it took to make such a place. (Hardcover) Megan Cavitt The Cuckoo’s Calling by Robert Galbraith: This book has been out for so long that I found a copy for a dollar at a library sale. Let’s call that fate. (Paperback) Black Jack, vol. 1 by Osamu Tezuka: Oh, Tezuka, godfather of Japanese comics! When he’s good, he’s real good. When he’s bad, he’s real bad. I’m not yet certain where this pseudo-medical drama about a Holmes-esque doctor falls on the spectrum. (Library Hardcover) Emma Allmann The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson by Emily Dickinson: I just really love Emily Dickinson and haven’t had a chance to spend a lot time with her poems in the last few years so I’m officially revisiting her. I do love that I can look at the notes I’ve made in my copy and see what I’m noticing now versus when I last read it! (Paperback) Angel Cruz American Panda by Gloria Chao: When I first heard about this book, I may have screamed a little bit from sheer delight. Mei is so relatable and very much like me when I was younger, and I’m so excited to see how her story unfolds. (e-galley) A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L’Engle: This is one of those books I tried to read as a kid, but just could not get into for some reason. Trying it now as an adult, I’ve gotten halfway through after a few nights of reading some pages at bedtime, and I’m definitely enjoying it more. (Paperback) Right of First Refusal by Dahlia Adler: I really liked the first Adler book I readJust Visitingand have been meaning to circle back to her past work for ages. I’m only a few chapters in, but am already very intrigued by Mase and Cait’s shared history. (e-book) The Perilous Life of Jade Yeo by Zen Cho: I was so pleased when I saw this mentioned in a previous Book Riot Deals post, as I loved Cho’s Sorcerer to the Crown. I’ve just started reading, but I love Cho’s writing style and am excited to see where the story takes me. (e-book) Cecilia Lyra Pedal by Chelsea Rooney: As a member of the International Festival of Authors book club, I am lucky enough to meet not only with fellow bookworms, but also with a rotating list of great authors who pick the books and lead the discussion. This month, the inimitable Zoe Whittall chose Pedal. The novel tells the story of Julia Hoop, a 25-five-year-old psychology graduate student who is exploring the subject of pedophilia from an unorthodox angle: Julia interviews women who dont feel traumatized by the sexual molestation they experienced as children. To say that this is an emotionally challenging read would be the understatement of the decade and do keep in mind that, being on Twitter, I cannot escape some very disturbing reads (cough-Trump-cough). So far, my favorite thing about this novel is reading about the great Canadian landscape as Julia rides her bicycle on a cross-country journey, from Vancouver to Toronto. (e-book) The Unseen World by Liz Moore: This was also a book club selection. It tells the story of Ada, who, as a child, learns that her brilliant, enigmatic computer-scientist father is suffering from early onset Alzheimers disease. This is not a light read by any means, but compared to Pedal it is like eating a jellybean dipped in frosting. A warm thanks to The Girly Book Club for picking it as our July book. (e-book) Tracy Shapley The Nix by Nathan Hill. Thanks to the folks at Just the Right Book!, (the exclamation point is theirs, not mine) I’m finally getting around to reading the book everyone was reading last year. I’m only about 40 pages in but am already in love. This is very good timing because the last few books I’ve read have been real snoozers. (Paperback) Jaime Herndon After Kathy Acker by Chris Kraus. Acker’s writing was gutsy and daring, and Kraus is a trailblazer in her own right (hello, I Love Dick). This perfect pairing for a biography is really good so far, and provides what feels like an insider’s glimpse of Acker’s life. (ARC) Motherest by Kristen Iskandrian. A novel about parenthood, becoming a parent, and everything that goes along with that. I just started it, but really liking it so far. (ARC) The Worrier’s Guide to the End of the World by Torre DeRoche. Sort of like the anti-Eat Pray Love, it’s a travel memoir taking place in Italy and India. When Torre meets a fellow traveler, Masha, they decide to travel together for a bit and this is their story. (ARC)

What Book Riot Contributors are Reading Today!

What Book Riot Contributors are Reading Today! In this feature at Book Riot, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). See a Rioter who is reading your favorite book? I’ve included the link that will take you to their author archives (meaning, that magical place that organizes what they’ve written for the site). Gird your loins â€" this list combined with all of those archived posts will make your TBR list EXPLODE. We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Jamie Canaves Death in D Minor (Gethsemane Brown Mysteries #2) by Alexia Gordon: Music, art, mystery, and ghosts is apparently everything I didn’t realize I needed to read right now. (egalley) The Monsters of Templeton by Lauren Groff: I loved Fates Furies and while trying to find out if Groff’s first novel was a mystery or not I discovered that a lot of Rioters loved it so automatic must-read-now for me! (ebook) The Hole by Hye-Young Pyun, Sora Kim-Russell (translation): Korean psychological horror thriller is something I can’t say no to. Nor do I want to. (egalley) Heartsick by Chelsea Cain: I am forever pissed off that her Mockingbird comic was canceled so I figured it was time to finally start reading her mystery bookswhich have been recommended to me a bazillion times. I inhaled half this book before bed (Bedtime? What bedtime?) and see why it got recommended so much. (paperback) Casey Stepaniuk Foxglove Summer by Ben Aaronovitch: Ive been trying to stretch out this series cause I dont want it to be over but I just HAD to find out what happened in the wake of the last book, so I downloaded it immediately after finishing the previous one. (Audiobook) Claire Handscombe The Vanderbeekers of 141st Street by Karina Yan Glaser: The author is one of our own contributors and I was curious to see what she had written especially with all the buzz it’s been getting. It’s great so far, fun and really well written with strong characters definitely going on the list for any presents I need to buy middle graders. (ARC) The Party  by Elizabeth Day: This book has been on lots of “must-read” lists in the UK and it sounded right my street the British establishment meets deep dark secrets at a fortieth birthday party. It’s coming to the US next month, and I begged the Little, Brown publicist for a copy and started reading straight away. It’s so good. (ARC) Who Thought This Was a Good Idea  by Alyssa Mastromonaco: I have been dying to read this White House memoir by a young, female Josh Lyman for a months but was holding firm because the ebook price was astronomical. But then it was on special offer for a day, so I went for it. Yay. (ebook) Rebecca Hussey My Heart Hemmed In by Marie NDiaye, translated by Jordan Stump: I’ve read two other NDiaye novels and have found them beautiful, rich, and strange. This one was originally published in French in 2007, and I’m excited that Two Lines Press is publishing a translation this summer. (paperback) Dear Committee Members by Julie Schumacher: I can never resist a good academic novel, and this one is epistolary, told solely through letters of recommendation. It’s an awesome concept. (hardcover) Mya Nunnally The Obelisk Gate by N.K. Jemisin: I had read The Fifth Season a while back, and just recently reread it in order to read this (its sequel) and The Stone Sky, the final book in Jemisin’s fantasy series. (paperback) The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet by Becky Chambers: This has been on my to-be-read list for a while despite its (in my opinion) terrible cover. I love supporting self-published authors. (ebook) 11/22/63 by Stephen King: After thoroughly enjoying the Hulu adaptation, I thought I would read the novel (paperback) Liberty Hardy This Will Be My Undoing: Living at the Intersection of Black, Female, and Feminist in (White) America by Morgan Jerkins (Jan. 30, 2018, Harper Perennial): Jerkins is one of my favorite people to follow on Twitter, and I have been eagerly awaiting this collection! (e-galley) Artemis by Andy Weir (Nov. 14, Crown): *MUPPET ARMS* The author of The Martian has a new book, and so far, it’s great! (e-galley) A State of Freedom by Neel Mukherjee (Jan. 2, W.W. Norton Company): I don’t know anything about this book except someone told me it was great, so away we go! (e-galley) Vacationland: True Stories from Painful Beaches by John Hodgman (Oct. 24, Viking): Vacationland is the slogan on our license plates here in Maine, so I think I am legally required to read this. (e-galley) Alison Doherty Magic for Beginners by Kelly Link: Years ago I saw this book at Skylight Books in Los Angeles under staff recommendations. It was described as a mix between Harry Potter and Alice Munro. So far these stories are living up to that recommendation! (paperback) Girls and Sex: Navigating the New Landscape by Peggy Orenstein: Put this on hold at the library after listening to an old NPR podcast with the author. It’s interesting how, at age twenty-nine, half the time I identify with the perspective of the teen girls and half the time I identify with the adult author. (hardcover) Karina Glaser Girls Who Code by Reshma Saujani (8/22, Penguin Random House): Reshma Saujani is my hero, and I’m so excited about this book! (ARC) Secret Coders: Robots and Repeats by Gene Luen Yang and Mike Holmes (10/3, First Second): Guess I’m on a tech/coding kick! Love this series and can’t wait for this newest one to be released. (Paperback) Christina Vortia Speak of Me As I Am by Sonia Belasco: I’ve been really excited to read this book, so when I saw it available on my library Hoopla account, I jumped on it! (Audiobook) Rebecca Renner From Here to Eternity: Traveling the World to Find the Good Death by Caitlin Doughty (10/3 W. W. Norton): This book had me at the Dia de los Muertos skull on the cover, but its kept me with the amazing research Doughty uses to describe the death rituals of various world cultures. Believe it or not, this book is funny, too! (egalley) Sarah Nicolas The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas: I’m so glad I finally got to this book! The book is heartbreaking and I was so pleased to discover the audiobook is narrated by Bahni Turpin, who is incredibly talented. (audiobook) It’s Not Like It’s a Secret by Misa Sugiura: I’d heard mixed reviews on this one, but it’s a YA f/f romance and I’m here for all the sweet, sweet lady kisses! (audiobook) Given to the Sea by Mindy McGinnis: The publisher offered me a review copy of this one and I’m a sucker for women in fantasy settings escaping their inescapable fates. (audiobook review copy) The Reader by Traci Chee: I feel like I slept on this one last year and am so happy it crossed my path again. And it has another favorite narrator, Kim Mai Guest! (audiobook) Beth O’Brien Too Fat, Too Slutty, Too Loud: The Rise and Reign of the Unruly Woman by Anne Helen Peterson: I binge-listened to most of this while I was sick this week, too tired to use my eyeballs. I’ve been really enjoying the smart commentary on women in pop culture and doing some low key fist pumping. (audio) The Mother of All Questions by Rebecca Solnit: I guess I’m feeling particularly feminist this month. I’m not very far into this collection of essays, but I’m really enjoying it. I’ve already jotted down some great quotes! (paperback) The Fact of a Body: A Murder and a Memoir by Alexandria Marzano-Lesnevich: I’ve been hearing great things about this one and have been eagerly waiting for my hold to come in at the library. It’s finally here and so far it’s right up my alley. (hardcover) Jessica Yang Noteworthy by Riley Redgate: I had fun reading Seven Ways We Lie and also, despite being not at all musical, I love a cappella so I had to check this out! (hardcover) Deepali Agarwal A State of Freedom by Neel Mukherjee: Is reading this before his other, Booker Prize-nominated work a good idea? We’ll soon find out, because I found the cover blurb for this book fascinating, and could not resist. Dealing with displacement and migration, Mukherjee’s latest book promises something adjacent to Mohsin Hamid, and I will do anything to fill the giant, Exit West-shaped hole in my heart. (hardcover) Inferior by Angela Saini: I know that we live in an oppressively patriarchal world, with targeted misinformation about women seeking to keep them in their place all the time, but reading the facts and details behind the narrative that has always been spun for us hits hard. I’m reading this because I need to. (paperback) Lone Fox Dancing by Ruskin Bond: To balance out the heartache from some difficult reads, I am also reading Ruskin Bond’s autobiography, which is a beautiful mix of his experiences. Bond’s writing has a charm which makes everythingfrom love to heartbreakcharming and soothing. (hardcover) Aram Mrjoian Home Fire by Kamila Shamsie: I just got started on this novel, which I am reading to review. (ARC) Spatializing Blackness: Architectures of Confinement and Black Masculinity in Chicago by Rashad Shabazz: I am currently reading this book for a class and it’s brilliant. I highly recommend it both for people living in Chicago and across the U.S. (paperback) Sharanya Sharma Want  by Cindy Pon:  A futuristic YA about the Haves vs. the Have-nots where even clean air is a luxury you have to afford, and one boy whos willing do anything to change that. Air suits, flying cars, virtual world-hopping, kidnapping, spy games, protests, and romance â€" how could I pass that up?! Christine Ro The Intuitionist by Colson Whitehead: This book is delightfully bonkers. It’s a moody satire of race relations told through the medium ofelevator obsession. Exactly. (Paperback) Monica Friedman The Ethical Slut: a Guide to Infinite Sexual Possibilities by Dossie Easton and Catherine Liszt. If I’m going to be a slut, I want to go about it in an ethical fashion. (Paperback) The Guardian Angel of Farflung Station by Edward Hoornaert. Every month for the last year or so, I’ve met up with Ed and other members of the Science Fiction Writers America (Tucson chapter) to write quietly together for two hours. Ed gave me this book. (Paperback) Shiri Sondheimer Throne of the Crescent Moon by Saladin Ahmed: His Black Bolt run is incredible and I can’t wait for the next issue to gobble more of his words. (e-book) An Oath of Dogs by Wendy N. Wagner: Attended a live world-building panel at Emerald City Comic Con in which Wendy participated. She is hilarious and a darn-fine storyteller. (e-book) Ilana Masad Where the Past Begins by Amy Tan: I’m reading this memoir for a review and it’s mesmerizing to see how this author’s brain works (ARC) Meanwhile, Elsewhere edited by Cat Fitzpatrick and Casey Plett: This is an incredible anthology I’m also reading for a review, and it’s all speculative fiction by trans writers. I’m in love! (ARC) Katie McLain The Pale Blue Eye  by  Louis Bayard: I’ve had this one on my list for a while dark historical mystery featuring a young Edgar Allan Poe but honestly, the reason why I’m reading it now was because all the mystery/suspense audiobooks I REALLY wanted to listen to were all downloaded already from my library. (digital audiobook) Black Dahlia, Red Rose: The Crime, Corruption, and Cover-Up of America’s Greatest Unsolved Murder by Piu Eatwell (Liveright, October 10, 2017): I’ve been on a historical true crime kick lately, and surprisingly, I haven’t read much about the Black Dahlia. (ARC) Kathleen Keenan The Vegetarian by Han Kang: This book has received rave reviews literally everywhere, and a copy finally came in at my library. (paperback) Kate Krug Warcross by Marie Lu: Because every single one of the book bloggers I follow have given this RAVE reviews and I had to get in on the action. And I’m all for a bad ass Asian hacker heroine. (ARC) Wicked Like a Wildfire by Lana Popovic: First, the cover is gorge. Second, a dark, magical fantasy. Third, Eastern European characterswhich I do not read a lot about. (ARC) Steph Auteri The Fact of a Body by Alexandria Marzano-Lesnevich: I was intrigued by the premise of this book, a memoir by a woman who thought herself staunchly against the death penalty, but whose beliefs are shaken when a particular murder case reveals parallels with her own past. (Ebook) The Willpower Instinct by Kelly McGonigal: I’m actually reading this one at the suggestion of a pair of ghostwriting clients, as the contents informed their own writing. But heck, I could certainly use more willpower, so this is turning into a self-helpy read, too. (Hardcover) Push by Sapphire: Because I’ve only ever seen the movie. (Paperback) Jessica Plummer He’s Got Rhythm: The Life and Career of Gene Kelly by Cynthia Brideson and Sara Brideson: I love Kelly, but I’m struggling a bit with the authors’ rose-tinted perspective on him and some oddly dated and homophobic framing. (ARC) A Confusion of Princes by Garth Nix: This has been sitting on my TBR pile for literal years and I finally dusted it off and cracked into it. It’s slow going so far, but I’ve loved Nix’s work in the past so I’m hoping it’ll pick up. (Hardcover) Derek Attig Don’t Call Us Dead: Poems by Danez Smith: Smith is known for writing poetry that grapples with police violence and white supremacy, and this incredible collection continues that aesthetically and politically crucial work. You should pre-order a copy right now. (ARC) Artemis by Andy Weir: I enjoyed The Martian, so I jumped at this. (ARC) Kate Scott We Love You, Charlie Freeman by Kaitlyn Greenidge: This has been on my TBR list since last year. I love stories that have to do with science and animal cognition and this one checks those boxes. (Library Hardcover) The Complete Enneagram by Beatrice Chestnut: I love learning about the Enneagram and this book focuses on the instinctual subtypes, which is not an aspect of the Enneagram that I am very familiar with. (Library Paperback) In a Sunburned Country by Bill Bryson: I listened to two Bill Bryson audiobooks last year and loved both, so I’m giving this one a try. (Audiobook) The Wicked Boy by Kate Summerscale: This is on my TBR list from last year. I’m in the mood for true crime and this sounds like a particularly interesting case. (Library Hardcover) Tasha Brandstatter When Dimple Met Rishi by Sandhya Menon: Noticed this was available on Hoopla and thought, why not? Moon Over the Mediterranean by Sheri Cobb South: I love South’s John Pickett mysteries series, and this book was described as an homage to Mary Stewart, one of my favorite writers. Dana Staves Thanks, Obama:  My Hopey, Changey White House Years by David Litt:  Fresh out of college, David Litt landed a job as one of the speechwriters for the Obama White House, and this book is his story of his time working for the administration. Part humorous political memoir, part wistful look back at a gentler time, all tinged with Litt’s self-deprecating humor and the hindsight that comes from post-Obama life. (ARC, Ecco, September 19, 2017) Adiba Jaigirdar A Wrinkle In Time by Madeleine L’Engle: I saw the trailer for the new movie. Loved it. Realised that I had somehow never read the book. I had to rectify that immediately. (ebook) Margaret Kingsbury The Refrigerator Monologues by Catherynne M. Valente: Because she’s my favorite author and is AMAZING! (Hardcover) When the English Fall by David Williams. I enjoy a good apocalypse novel, and this one seems unique as it centers on the perspective of an Amish farmer. (Egalley) Rabeea Saleem Madness Is Better Than Defeat  by Ned Beauman: I love eccentric plotlines so this madcap romp through a lost Mayan temple in the jungles of Honduras seems to be right up my alley. It also features a rogue CIA agent! (Paperback). Priya Sridhar Miami Beach by Howard Kleinberg: I’m reading this as research for a novella. Before Miami Beach was a party city, it was marshy area ripe for opportunity. Black and white photographs capture the century it took to make such a place. (Hardcover) Megan Cavitt The Cuckoo’s Calling by Robert Galbraith: This book has been out for so long that I found a copy for a dollar at a library sale. Let’s call that fate. (Paperback) Black Jack, vol. 1 by Osamu Tezuka: Oh, Tezuka, godfather of Japanese comics! When he’s good, he’s real good. When he’s bad, he’s real bad. I’m not yet certain where this pseudo-medical drama about a Holmes-esque doctor falls on the spectrum. (Library Hardcover) Emma Allmann The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson by Emily Dickinson: I just really love Emily Dickinson and haven’t had a chance to spend a lot time with her poems in the last few years so I’m officially revisiting her. I do love that I can look at the notes I’ve made in my copy and see what I’m noticing now versus when I last read it! (Paperback) Angel Cruz American Panda by Gloria Chao: When I first heard about this book, I may have screamed a little bit from sheer delight. Mei is so relatable and very much like me when I was younger, and I’m so excited to see how her story unfolds. (e-galley) A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L’Engle: This is one of those books I tried to read as a kid, but just could not get into for some reason. Trying it now as an adult, I’ve gotten halfway through after a few nights of reading some pages at bedtime, and I’m definitely enjoying it more. (Paperback) Right of First Refusal by Dahlia Adler: I really liked the first Adler book I readJust Visitingand have been meaning to circle back to her past work for ages. I’m only a few chapters in, but am already very intrigued by Mase and Cait’s shared history. (e-book) The Perilous Life of Jade Yeo by Zen Cho: I was so pleased when I saw this mentioned in a previous Book Riot Deals post, as I loved Cho’s Sorcerer to the Crown. I’ve just started reading, but I love Cho’s writing style and am excited to see where the story takes me. (e-book) Cecilia Lyra Pedal by Chelsea Rooney: As a member of the International Festival of Authors book club, I am lucky enough to meet not only with fellow bookworms, but also with a rotating list of great authors who pick the books and lead the discussion. This month, the inimitable Zoe Whittall chose Pedal. The novel tells the story of Julia Hoop, a 25-five-year-old psychology graduate student who is exploring the subject of pedophilia from an unorthodox angle: Julia interviews women who dont feel traumatized by the sexual molestation they experienced as children. To say that this is an emotionally challenging read would be the understatement of the decade and do keep in mind that, being on Twitter, I cannot escape some very disturbing reads (cough-Trump-cough). So far, my favorite thing about this novel is reading about the great Canadian landscape as Julia rides her bicycle on a cross-country journey, from Vancouver to Toronto. (e-book) The Unseen World by Liz Moore: This was also a book club selection. It tells the story of Ada, who, as a child, learns that her brilliant, enigmatic computer-scientist father is suffering from early onset Alzheimers disease. This is not a light read by any means, but compared to Pedal it is like eating a jellybean dipped in frosting. A warm thanks to The Girly Book Club for picking it as our July book. (e-book) Tracy Shapley The Nix by Nathan Hill. Thanks to the folks at Just the Right Book!, (the exclamation point is theirs, not mine) I’m finally getting around to reading the book everyone was reading last year. I’m only about 40 pages in but am already in love. This is very good timing because the last few books I’ve read have been real snoozers. (Paperback) Jaime Herndon After Kathy Acker by Chris Kraus. Acker’s writing was gutsy and daring, and Kraus is a trailblazer in her own right (hello, I Love Dick). This perfect pairing for a biography is really good so far, and provides what feels like an insider’s glimpse of Acker’s life. (ARC) Motherest by Kristen Iskandrian. A novel about parenthood, becoming a parent, and everything that goes along with that. I just started it, but really liking it so far. (ARC) The Worrier’s Guide to the End of the World by Torre DeRoche. Sort of like the anti-Eat Pray Love, it’s a travel memoir taking place in Italy and India. When Torre meets a fellow traveler, Masha, they decide to travel together for a bit and this is their story. (ARC)

Healthsouth The Wagon At Disaster - 1383 Words

HealthSouth: The Wagon to Disaster is an eye-opening and compelling insight into what went on behind the colossal travesty HealthSouth Corporation became. The account is written by Aaron The beam, a founding member of HealthSouth who witnessed the rise and fall of Wall Street’s darling. The novel details the beginnings of both Richard Scrushy and Aaron Beam, the conception of HealthSouth, and the slow, slippery cliff of fraud that would lead to the downfall of a billion-dollar enterprise and tragedy for most involved. The story of HealthSouth begins with two of the most well know founders. Richard Scrushy was a bold, charismatic man of middle-class beginnings. He would rise from a mason to one of the highest earning CEO’s in the country due mainly to his ability to drive, charm, and manipulate those around him. Driven by the desire to attain wealth and status Scrushy was hired in at LifeMark where he rose through the ranks as a result of his unbridled competitive nature and workaholic tendencies. Though it was at the end of Richard’s career at LifeMark that the story of HealthSouth begins. When it was announced that the company’s Houston office would be closing Richard brought Beam and a few others into his plan. Scrushy wanted to form a company based on a new type of rehabilitative medicine company that due to the changing medical field was highly profitable. This bold and ambitious idea the degree of brilliance Richard Scrushy had. Certainly most of his future ideasShow MoreRelatedSummary : Liberty University 1620 Words   |  7 Pagescompany’s financial statements? In an attempt to answer this question, a question came to mind about Aaron Beam. In his book â€Å"HealthSouth: The Wagon to disaster† he asked this question: â€Å"what if I had said no to Richard Scrushy? Beam talks about all the harm he caused just because he could not stand up to Scrushy and took part in the massive accounting fraud at HealthSouth. Having read his book and the lessons learned from it, I will have done things differently than what Catherine Sprauer did. First

I Am Enamored By The Man Who Made All Of It Possible

Introduction I am enamored by the man who made all of it possible. Walt’s Early Years On December 5, 1901, in Chicago, Illinois; Walter Elias was born. Walt was one of five children. He had three older brothers one of which he would later in life be business partners with. Roy and Walt Disney would eventually be Walt Disney Studios. In 1906 the Disney family moved to a 45 acre farm in Marceline Missouri. Walt learned about teamwork while working the farm. Disney farm is where he began to draw animals and nourish his imagination. At Benton Grammar School but showed great ability in art class .Benton Grammar school is where Disney met Walter Pfeiffer a boy who shared the same interests as he and who introduced him to vaudeville and motion pictures. Walt also developed an interest in trains while living in Kansas City. In 1917 Walt graduated the seventh grade at Benton school when father Elias mother Flora and Sister Ruth moved to Chicago. Walt at the age of 15 stayed with his brother Herb for the summer, getting a job selling newspapers and soda pop on the railways. When the summer was over he joined his family in Chicago where he attended McKinley High School. Walt took drawing and photography and was a cartoonist for the school paper. He also took courses at the Chicago Art Institute. A lot of his cartoons showed a growing interest in the great war that was being fought in Europe. The beginnings of a legend In 1919 Walt decided he wanted to be an artist against,Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1008 Words   |  5 Pagesseeing as both of her parents are dead, the option of having another brother was not possible. When Creon found out that she tries to bury her brother, she states: â€Å"I did not intend to pay the penalty to the gods for violating these laws in fear of some man’s opinion, for I know I will die† (Sophocles line 470). 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Outsourcing IT Jobs Pros And Cons Essay - 952 Words

Outsourcing IT Jobs: Pros and Cons In 1973, a monumental shift was prevailing where U.S. companies were sending low skilled jobs within the manufacturing industry to offshore countries to reduce labor cost while maximizing profits. The effect of the jobless manufacturing work force was a shift of those laborers to focus on and perfect the service industry of what it is today (Koch 1). During the high tech recessions of the late 1990s and a nominal expansion of the present time, the Information Technology industry, an industry which through continuous innovations enabled the companies and corporations of America to become more efficient and productive, is also facing the outsourcing similarity with manufacturing. While outsourcing†¦show more content†¦This resulted in net losses or barely positive net income. As a result, the CIO’s budgets for their Information Technology spending were greatly slashed by 20 – 50 percent. In an effort to achieve the optimal return on investment with their new budget, CIO’s began to send Information Technology jobs offshore to lower wage paying countries. My company also followed the industry trend and moved 50% of the application developer and system engineering jobs to Bangalore, India and 50% of call center jobs to Penang, Malaysia. While most companies moved jobs offshore by laying off U.S workers and re-hiring the staff abroad, my company chose softer methods like voluntary separation packages and attritions which achieved the same objective without demoralizing the U.S. employees. In economic terms, moving jobs offshore is a result of the external factors. By definition, externality exists in economics any time there is a separation of costs and benefits, and the decision maker does not have to incur the full cost but receives the full benefits of the decision (Terry 2). When looking at the overall picture of moving jobs offshore, the first thing that comes into many CIO’s mind is the externality factor, but ma ny companies saw beyond that and saw an opportunity to globalize their work force. There are lots of benefits from hiring lower wage laborers but there are also an equivalent amount of consequences associated with thisShow MoreRelatedOutsourcing And Its Effect On The American Economy1398 Words   |  6 Pagesof outsourcing. Although outsourcing is financially beneficial to large businesses, it has detrimentally impacted the American economy through raises in the unemployment rate, lost countless tax dollars and compromised the integrity of products received. Outsourcing is a business tactic that consists of moving production of a product to either a sub-tier vendor or moving operations away from the company’s home country in order to eliminate costs. 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Little Miss Sunshine analysis Essay Example For Students

Little Miss Sunshine analysis Essay Small miss sunlight analysis I am traveling to look at and analyze the gap to the movie Little Miss Sunshine. In this analysis I will look at and discourse things like subjects, mise on scene, filming, redacting and music. tring to be person your non is kind of the subject, the movie seems to clearly demo this through the gap sequence, for each scene presenting a character, includes a kind of contradiction/hypocritical overtone. The movie begins with an close-up of the small girl’s eyes, she is watching what at first seems to be unrecorded Television, as an announcer is about to declare the victor of a Miss America TV show, the scene jumping between shootings of the supporter ( olive ) and the Television demoing two glamourous adult females. The shooting of the protagonist gets wider after each leap cut demoing the misss full visual aspect, the more you see the miss more tring to be person else becomes clear because of the difference between the two shootings. For illustration you have a shooting of an chubby small miss with cockamamie apparels and so a shooting of two beautiful adult females with large hair and jewelry. The following scene introduces who we shortly find out to be the girl’s pa Richard who is making a motivational address about how to go a victor. The motivational address from the pa could be took for as to be straight talking to his girl, about seeking to animate her to go this image of a beauty queen depicted on the Television, its non precisely shown but the manner the editor cuts between the Richard and the miss seems to look like she is listening to him while he talks. Slowly as his â€Å"9-Step Program to be a Winner† address ends, the shooting begins to widen, and switches to the audience as the visible radiations go on. There are merely about four pupils in a small-ish talk room listening to his address, as if to demo we the spectator that Olive isn’t the lone one seeking to be person that she is non and merely a few are and that this movie isn’t so much a comedy but more of what could be a dark comedy. Following is the scene presenting Dwayne, who we come to gain that he is Olives brother. It begins with a close-up of him raising weights followed by a medium shooting of the his little weaponries raising rather little weights. The male child is a scraggy picket adolescent with black hair, and looks a spot like an emo/greb. This apparels chosen by costume sort of shows tring to be person else in the sense this teenage male child who looks like a skateboarder wants instead to be a American football star, is seeking to look like a fit athlete although does non look that manner from first feelings. Following comes the scene presenting another adult male, what seems to be the gramps ( from what we can garner from the manner the movies is puting its self out ) of the household. It starts with his custodies locking a door so undoing a belt battalion enchantress already to the spectator seems unusual. the adult male pulls out bag of drugs ( looks like cocaine ) and uses it. The spectator comes to gain that this adult male is far from a normal old cat, once more could be taken as ligature to be some your non because he is moving like a younger adult male, alternatively of an older adult male watching out for his wellness and moving his age. The following shooting introduces the Dendranthema grandifloruom ( Sheryl ) ( once more based on the given facts ) who seems frantically driving a auto while on the phone. The tring to be person else in this shooting seems to be in the duologue because as she is smoking a coffin nail and speaking to her hubby she says â€Å"†¦no I’m non smoking! † but so is speedy to flick it out of the window. .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 , .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .postImageUrl , .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 , .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:hover , .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:visited , .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:active { border:0!important; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:active , .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1 .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u82ac52e5640ccbbc409daf890dc8dec1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Legalization Of Drungs EssayThe last shooting of the gap sequence, the most of import when you think about it, is the shooting including the film’s rubric. Here the mise-en-scene gives off the look/feel of the movie, the inspirational vocal quickens including more and more fiddles and doing the scene more dramatic. The opening scene ends with a average close-up of a man’s face ( although it seems as if the movie has had its opening scene, with the debut of sheryls brother it could be said that it is still opening ) . The adult male is in a wheel chair and a infirmary gown, he is looking depressed. The coloring material of the scene is rather blue/cool, giving kind of sad feeling. The best illustration of tring to be person else is in where the rubric in this shooting is as it said the words â€Å"Little Miss Sunshine† and the word â€Å"sunshine placed straight on his face ( you could reason ) . It is here the movies managers and cameramans give away the true feel of the movie and that it is no regular comedy, it is tragic, dry and dark. The mise-en-scene of the gap sequence show that these characters are non typical, they are different to their stereotypes/first visual aspect and are all seeking to be something that they are non. For illustration an ugly girl seeking to be a beauty queen, a also-ran seeking to go a victor, a tobacco user seeking non to look like a tobacco user, and a adult male who is old seeking to be immature. This is showed in the redaction of each characters own scenes, they begin with average close-ups of an action and as the spectator thinks they understand them ( in the sense of significance ) . As the shooting zooms out and we see the full scene – the location, costume and visual aspect – we shortly realise that the instance is complete face-to-face, like when we see that the pa has a empty talk hall while he is giving a address about winning. As the movie continues we start to see that the single characters are all portion of the same household and that they are seeking to acquire their girl to a beauty pageant. this household seems to be a dysfunctional/weird/unusual household seeking to populate the authoritative what’s known as the AMERICAN DREAM. There all seeking to be happy and perfect while being eldritch and dysfunctional. The hues/saturation of the scenes and colourss of the character’s vesture are all giving a warm/loving feeling to the film, while the movie is really meant to be rather dark and sometimes tragic. yeah the mirth is all in the tring to be person else , but once more, the filming is making what the characters are making, it is seeking to be something that it’s non, which is a household dark comedy seeking to be a fun household comedy. Although this does look to be all be done intentionally for the movie, which makes it quire different ticker. Small Miss Sunshine shows the attempts of a non so normal household seeking to acquire their girl to a children’s beauty pageant, but incorporating a kind of representation of issues in America at the clip. It seems to some what suggest a individuals battle to be perfect, every bit good as the battle of the a in-between category household in society. In the gap we come the realise there are many people involved in the narrative, each with there ain narrative to state. the characters when taking into history the age and gender, we assume they are a household. The spectator gets a little gustatory sensation of each individual to the non-diegetic sound of an instrumental vocal that plays in the background, that could be described as Inspirational or motivational. .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef , .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .postImageUrl , .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef , .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:hover , .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:visited , .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:active { border:0!important; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:active , .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7b8f570e348b435ec1c31bda977d51ef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: House Cats EssayThese subjects are all at some point represented within the film, which besides gives away the film’s topic of what could be tring to be person else in the sense The film could be rather dry both in mise-en-scene and secret plan. The tring to be person else is at that place from the off set, for illustration the protagonist’s male parent managers people on how to be a victor while being unsuccessful at his ain occupation and the supporter is an chubby and awfully dressed kid who competes to go a beauty queen. while all this is go oning the filming gives a us bright and warm expression to a what seems to be a broken place.

RIZALCHAPTER 20Two weeks after the publication of Essays

RIZALCHAPTER 20Two weeks after the publication of the El Filibusterismo, Rizal left Ghent for Paris where he stayed for a few days to bid good bye to his friends.From Paris, he rode a train to Marseilles where he boarded the steamer Melbourne, bound for Hong Kong.He brought with him a recommendation letter given by Juan Luna addressed to Manuel Camus, a compatriot living in Singapore plus 600 copies of the El Filibusterismo.FAREWELL TO EUROPEAfter the publication of El Filibusterismo, Rizal left Europe for Hong Kong and stayed there for 7 months.He decided to leave Europe because of the following reasons:Political differences with M.H. del Pilar and other compatriots in Spain.To be near the Philippines and his familyThere were 80 passengers, mostly Europeans and Rizal was the only Asian.There was an incident involving Rizal and the German ladies but eventually, the latter end up treating the former with admiration and respect.MELBOURNENovember 20, 1891Rizal was welcomed by Filipino r esidents headed by his friend Jose Maria Basa.He stayed in No. 5 D' Aguilar Street, No. 2 Rednaxola Terrace where he opened his clinic.RIZAL ARRIVED IN HKDecember 1, 1891Sent a letter to Rizal informing him about the sad news of the "deportation of 25 persons from Calamba, including his father, Neneng, Sisa, Lucia, Paciano and the rest of us".He also told Rizal that he wrote a letter addressed to the Queen Regent of Spain explaining their situation and if the Queen will not listen, then, he will ask Queen Victoria of England for help.MANUEL HIDALGO Before Christmas of 1891, Don Francisco, Paciano and Silvestre Ubaldo arrived in Hong Kong. Days after Dona Teodora, Lucia and Josefa and Trinidad also arrived.Dona Teodora - then 65 years old and almost blind.She suffered so much from the hands of the SpaniardsIn 1890, she was arrested on the flimsy charge of not using her surname Realonda, despite of her age and blindness she was forced by the officers to walk from Calamba to Santa Cruz .RIZAL FAMILY REUNITED IN HONG KONGThe Christmas of 1891 is the happiest celebration in Rizal's lifeAsing - Rizal's cook in Hong KongJanuary 31, 1892 "Here we are all together, my parents, sisters and brother, in peace and far from the persecutionsbthey suffered in the Philippines. They are very much please with the english government" -RizalIn order to earn a living for himself, Rizal practiced medicine.Dr. Lorenzo Marques - a Portuguese physician who became his friend and admirer, helped him to build up a wide clientele.In due time Rizal became a successful and well-known medical practitioner in the British Colony.RIZAL OPTO SURGEON IN HKHe successfully operated his mother's eyes so that she was able to read and write again.Aside from being an eye specialist, Rizal was also a general practitioner, because there was an epidemic Because of the hardship of the Calamba folks under Gov. Gen. Valeriano Weyler, Rizal conceived the establishment of a Filipino colony in North Borneo (Sabah ).He planned to move the landless Filipino families to that rich British owned island.On March 7, 1892, Rizal went to Sandakan on board the ship Menon to negotiate with the British authorities.BORNEO COLONIZATION PROJECTThe British authorities of Borneo were willing to give the Filipino colonists 100,000 acres of land, a beautiful Offered a fine program of governmentRizal offered his cooperation to him but he did not even acknowledged. harbor and a good government for 999 years, free of all charges.Manuel Hidalgo - objected to the projectOffered a fine program of governmentRizal offered his cooperation to him but he did not even acknowledged.La Liga Filipina - The Philippine LeagueRizal drafted its constitution while he was in Hong Kong with the help of Jose Maria Basa.Motto: One Like All (Unus Instar Omnium)Membership is based on endorsements and passing certain tests.Three levels of organizational councils:Popular ProvincialSupreme BASIS OF LA LIGAUnification of the whole archipel ago into a vigorous, compact bodyMutual protection in every part and necessityDefense against all forms of violence and injusticeStimulation of instruction, agriculture and commerceUndertaking of study and application of reformsAIMS OF LA LIGATo confer with Governor Despujol regarding his Borneo colonization projectTo establish the La Liga Filipina in ManilaTo prove that Eduardo de Lete was wrong in attacking him in Madrid that he, being comfortable and safe

expression essays

expression essays Ideology is an ever-present factor in our everyday lives. A good amount of the information we receive is tainted by ideological values. These values, unique to the source of the information are windows or reinforcements on their standings regarding any number of topics. When we receive the information at hand it is then subject our own individual ideological beliefs and values that we hold true. Ideology in film is such a powerful factor that in my opinion it is the biggest factor that should be consider when analyzing the information of the film. When it comes down to it film is a direct result of what someone is showing you. What that person is showing you is what they want you to see and what they dont want you to see, tainted by their own ideological standings. Oliver Stones explicit left-wing film Natural Born Killers uses ideologies as an underlying theme being examined by the bi-polar categories of Relative versus Absolute, Secular versus Religious, and Outsiders versus Insiders. In this paper I hope to dissect and explain the bi-polar categories regarding ideology. In the film Natural Born Killers Woody Harrelson and Juliette Lewis are Mickey Knox and Mallory Wilson, two young, attractive mass murderers in love in Stone's wild-eyed satire on the American fascination with criminals. After killing Mallory's loathsome parents, the pair perform a ritual "marriage" and take off on a "honeymoon" killing spree that wipes out 52 people pursued by a bad cop just as criminal. Bloodthirsty t.v. reporter Wayne Gale (Robert Downey Jr.) reports their every move to an adoring public. While warden Dwight McClusky (Tommy Lee Jones) is only too eager to welcome such celebrities to his prison for his own gain. The underlying ideological expression of Stone in this film is what I thought made it so powerful. Comparing the bi-polar category of Relative versus absolute and th ...

How good, effective communication skills is well needed in a job of Essay

How good, effective communication skills is well needed in a job of being a nurse - Essay Example That is, nurses should be able to help patients understand their medical issues and also give them in-depth instructions regarding how to care for themselves, and then when it comes to fellow professionals, they need to communicate all the treatment details and other medical related process in a clear manner, so it does not give rise to medical errors and the related eventualities. (). Thus, the focus will be on how effective communication skills are needed to ensure patient safety and importantly to optimize the caring process of the patients. In that direction, proper and clear communication skills have to be exhibited by the nurses while communicating with the fellow nurses and other personnel regarding the treatment process of the patients. That is, not only they need to communicate clearly but also receive the communication in a clear and detailed manner. For example, when giving or receiving instructions about drug administration to the patients, reporting test results, etc., i n-person or through phone, the nurses need to strongly confirm the information before initiating the relevant actions. As it is easy to misunderstand someone's words, â€Å"nurses should repeat the information to ensure they heard it correctly† and could even make the receiver to repeat the same to confirm it further. (Williams). Then, when it comes to the communication between the nurses and the patients, it has to be effective at various levels. Firstly, while providing treatments to the patients, nurses has to clearly and slowly explain about all the medications and patients they are receiving. As the nurses have more day-to-day contact with the patients than other personnel, they need to â€Å"help patients understand their diagnosis and prognosis and teach them how to participate in their recovery.† (Williams). For that, they have to tailor or customize their communication based on the patient’s educational ability, age, medical awareness, etc. In that dire ction, they need to adopt a voice tone, which will be effective to particular patients. For example, while conversing with the children, the nurses can interact with them in a soft and affectionate tone to facilitate them to undergo the necessary treatments particularly during drug administering. The nurses need to communicate to the patients not only their treatment process in the hospital environment, but also the process they have to follow in their home as well. When one focuses on effective communication in nursing, what a nurse says and also how he/she says is just a part of the communication, because non-verbal communication forms a major part of the equation between nurses and patients, and also fellow personnel. In that direction, understanding the body language particularly facial reactions of the patients and also exhibiting strong and at the same time adaptive body language can aid in making a deep connection with the patients and thereby delivering efficient care to the m. Patients’ nonverbal communication can tell the nurses how they are feeling, without the need to talk, and so the nurses should be attentive and focused on those aspects. Then, when it co

Airline Mergers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Airline Mergers - Essay Example Over the years, the number of airlines have been intentionally narrowed down to just a few major airlines. Narrowing down of the airlines have been actualized by mergers that have taken place over the years. The number of mergers have been exceptionally high. This has resulted in creation of some of the world huge airlines. Mergers happen in order for the two partners to gain a certain leverage that was not there before. Universally the reasons behind most of this unions are known. The main reasons include-: 2. Cutting cost- this might be the biggest motivator if not among the best factors. The situation can be looked as previous competitors marrying. This means that we will not have price wars into the future and costs of advertising automatically drops. 3. Surviving- it is a last resort on most companies, it is usually a case of staying in the business or being driven out of business. Therefore when a company is bankrupt or does not have the capability of surviving the tough market forces, merger come through as the only remedy. 5. Competitive advantage- it is a huge factor. Companies are able to reach out to market traditionally not accessed. Therefore this creates a headache for other players since the new merger brings with it financial might. 7. The reasons behind the mergers in the USA airline industry are factored in the above explained reasons. Mergers are nice for business but they are not immune to the law. It is normally a case of trending carefully in order not to break the laws of consumerism in the name of mergers. Therefore, it was not by mistake that in 2013 the government of the USA with support from numerous consumer federations filed a law suit stopping the merger between the mighty American and the mighty US air. The previous mergers that ever occurred did not raise as much issue and outcry as the

X-ray diffraction

X-ray diffraction INTRODUCTION: X-ray diffraction The diffraction of X-rays as they pass through a substance, usually forming an interference pattern that can be captured on film and used to analyze the internal structure of the substance. The scattering of x-rays by crystal atoms, producing a diffraction pattern that yields information about the structure of the crystal. X-ray diffraction is used in x-ray crystallography . X-ray diffraction the scattering of X rays by the atoms of a crystal; the diffraction pattern shows structure of the crystal . X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with typical photon energies in the range of 100 eV 100 keV. For diffraction applications, only short wavelength x-rays (hard x-rays) in the range of a few angstroms to 0.1 angstrom (1 keV 120 keV) are used. Because the wavelength of x-rays is comparable to the size of atoms, they are ideally suited for probing the structural arrangement of atoms and molecules in a wide range of materials. The energetic x-rays can penetrate deep into the materials and provide information about the bulk structure. X-rays are produced generally by either x-ray tubes or synchrotron radiation. In a x-ray tube, which is the primary x-ray source used in laboratory x-ray instruments, x-rays are generated when a focused electron beam accelerated across a high voltage field bombards a stationary or rotating solid target. As electrons collide with atoms in the target and slow down, a continuous spectrum of x-rays are emitted, which are termed Bremsstrahlung radiation. The high energy electrons also eject inner shell electrons in atoms through the ionization process. When a free electron fills the shell, a x-ray photon with energy characteristic of the target material is emitted. Common targets used in x-ray tubes include Cu and Mo, which emit 8 keV and 14 keV x-rays with corresponding wavelengths of 1.54 Ã… and 0.8 Ã…, respectively. (The energy E of a x-ray photon and its wavelength is related by the equation E = hc/ï  ¬, where h is Plancks constant and c the speed of light) (check out this ne at animated lecture on x-ray production) In recent years synchrotron facilities have become widely used as preferred sources for x-ray diffraction measurements. Synchrotron radiation is emitted by electrons or positrons travelling at near light speed in a circular storage ring. These powerful sources, which are thousands to millions of times more intense than laboratory x-ray tubes, have become indispensable tools for a wide range of structural investigations and brought advances in numerous fields of science and technology. Powder Diffraction Powder XRD (X-ray Diffraction) is perhaps the most widely used x-ray diffraction technique for characterizing materials. As the name suggests, the sample is usually in a powdery form, consisting of fine grains of single crystalline material to be studied. The technique is used also widely for studying particles in liquid suspensions or polycrystalline solids (bulk or thin film materials). The term powder really means that the crystalline domains are randomly oriented in the sample. Therefore when the 2-D diffraction pattern is recorded, it shows concentric rings of scattering peaks corresponding to the various d spacings in the crystal lattice. The positions and the intensities of the peaks are used for identifying the underlying structure (or phase) of the material. For example, the diffraction lines of graphite would be different from diamond even though they both are made of carbon atoms. This phase identification is important because the material properties are highly dependent on structure (just think of graphite and diamond). Powder diffraction data can be collected using either transmission or reflection geometry, as shown below. Because the particles in the powder sample are randomly oriented, these two methods will yield the same data. In the MRL x-ray facility, powder diffraction data are measured using the Philips XPERT MPD diffractometer, which measures data in reflection mode and is used mostly with solid samples, or the custom built 4-circle diffractometer, which operates in transmission mode and is more suitable for liquid phase samples. A powder XRD scan from a K2Ta2O6 sample is shown below as a plot of scattering intensity vs. the scattering angle 2or the corresponding d-spacing. The peak positions, intensities, widths and shapes all provide important information about the structure of the material. Thin Film Diffraction Generally speaking thin film diffraction refers not to a specific technique but rather a collection of XRD techniques used to characterize thin film samples grown on substrates. These materials have important technological applications in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices, where high quality epitaxial films are critical for device performance. Thin film diffraction methods are used as important process development and control tools, as hard x-rays can penetrate through the epitaxial layers and measure the properties of both the film and the substrate. There are several special considerations for using XRD to characterize thin film samples. First, reflection geometry is used for these measurements as the substrates are generally too thick for transmission. Second, high angular resolution is required because the peaks from semiconductor materials are sharp due to very low defect densities in the material. Consequently, multiple bounce crystal monochromators are used to provide a highly collimated x-ray beam for these measurements. For example, in the Philips MRD used in the x-ray facility, a 4-crystal monochromator made from Ge is used to produce an incident beam with less than 5 arc seconds of angular divergence. Basic XRD measurements made on thin film samples include: Precise lattice constants measurements derived from 2 scans, which provide information about lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate and therefore is indicative of strain stress Rocking curve measurements made by doing a scan at a fixed 2 angle, the width of which is inversely proportionally to the dislocation density in the film and is therefore used as a gauge of the quality of the film. Superlattice measurements in multilayered heteroepitaxial structures, which manifest as satellite peaks surrounding the main diffraction peak from the film. Film thickness and quality can be deduced from the data. Glancing incidence x-ray reflectivity measurements, which can determine the thickness, roughness, and density of the film. This technique does not require crystalline film and works even with amorphous materials. Texture measurementswill be discussed separately The following graph shows the high resolution XRD data of the superlattice peaks on the GaN (002) reflections. Red line denotes results of computer simulation of the structure. Texture Measurement (Pole Figure) Texture measurements are used to determine the orientation distribution of crystalline grains in a polycrystalline sample. A material is termed textured if the grains are aligned in a preferred orientation along certain lattice planes. One can view the textured state of a material (typically in the form of thin films) as an intermediate state in between a completely randomly oriented polycrystalline powder and a completely oriented single crystal. The texture is usually introduced in the fabrication process (e.g. rolling of thin sheet metal, deposition, etc.) and affect the material properties by introducing structural anisotropy. A texture measurement is also referred to as a pole figure as it is often plotted in polar coordinates consisting of the tilt and rotation angles with respect to a given crystallographic orientation. A pole figure is measured at a fixed scattering angle (constant d spacing) and consists of a series of -scans (in- plane rotation around the center of the sample) at different tilt or -(azimuth) angles, as illustrated below. The pole figure data are displayed as contour plots or elevation graphs with zero angle in the center. Below we show two pole figure plots using the same data set. An orientation distribution function (ODF) can be calculated using the pole figure data. Residual Stress Measurement Structural and residual stress in materials can be determined from precision lattice constants measurements. For polycrystalline samples high resolution powder diffraction measurements generally will provide adequate accuracy for stress evaluation. For textured (oriented) and single crystalline materials, 4-circle diffractometry is needed in which the sample is rotated so that measurements on multiple diffraction peaks can be carried out. The interpretation of stress measurement data is complicated and model dependent. Consult the reference literature for more details. Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) SAXS measurements typically are concerned with scattering angles SAXS measurements are technically challenging because of the small angular separation of the direct beam (which is very intense) and the scattered beam. Large specimen-to-detector distances (0.5 m 10 m) and high quality collimating optics are used to achieve good signal-to-noise ratio in the SAXS measurement. The MRL x-ray facility has cutting edge capabilities for SAXS measurements with three custom-built SAXS instruments including one 3.5-meter long ultra-small angle SAXS instrument with state-of-the-art optics and area detector for low scattering density samples. X-ray Crystallography X-ray crystallography is a standard technique for solving crystal structures. Its basic theory was developed soon after x-rays were first discovered more than a century ago. However, over the years it has gone through continual development in data collection instrumentation and data reduction methods. In recent years, the advent of synchrotron radiation sources, area detector based data collection instruments, and high speed computers has dramatically enhanced the efficiency of crystallographic structural determination. Today x-ray crystallography is widely used in materials and biological research. Structures of very large biological machinery (e.g. protein and DNA complexes, virus particles) have been solved using this method. In x-ray crystallography, integrated intensities of the diffraction peaks are used to reconstruct the electron density map within the unit cell in the crystal. To achieve high accuracy in the reconstruction, which is done by Fourier transforming the diffraction intensities with appropriate phase assignment, a high degree of completeness as well as redundancy in diffraction data is necessary, meaning that all possible reflections are measured multiple times to reduce systematic and statistical error. The most efficient way to do this is by using an area detector which can collect diffraction data in a large solid angle. The use of high intensity x-ray sources, such as synchrotron radiation, is an effective way to reduce data collection time. One of the central difficulties in structural determination using x-ray crystallography is referred to as the phase problem, which arises from the fact that the diffraction data contains information only on the amplitude but not the phase of the structure factor. Over the years many methods have been developed to deduce the phases for reflections, including computationally based direct methods, isomorphous replacement, and multi-wavelength anormalous diffraction (MAD) methods. METHODOLOGY: X-Ray Diffraction Method At Proto we use the x-ray diffraction method to measure residual stress. X-ray diffraction is presently the only portable nondestructive method that can quantitatively measure residual stress in crystalline and semi-crystalline materials. Our high speed x-ray detector technology enables measurements to be performed easily on metals and ceramics; including traditionally difficult materials such as shot peened titanium. XRD uses the coherent domains of the material (the grain structure) like a strain gage which reacts to the stress state existing in the material. Residual stress and / or applied stress expands or contracts the atomic lattice spacing (d). How do we Measure Stress? Actually, we measure strain and convert to stress. The d-spacings are calculated using Braggs Law: ÃŽ » = 2 d sin . If a monochromatic (ï  ¬) x-ray beam impinges upon a sample with an ordered lattice spacing (d), constructive interference will occur at an angle . Changes in strain and thus the d-spacing translate into changes in the diffraction angle measured by the x-ray detectors. The diffraction pattern is in the shape of a cone for polycrystalline materials. The shape of the diffraction peaks can also be related to the dislocation density and coherent domain size. Why Use Multiple Detectors? Unlike other single detector systems. Proto uses two (2) detectors for stress measurements thus capturing both sides of the diffraction cone. This means twice as much data is collected in the same amount of time simply by virtue of the design. Proto offers a four (4) detector system that can be used for both the four peak % retained austenite method and in multiphase stress measurements. Proto also offers 3 and 5 detector configurations for use in Simultaneous Stress and % Retained Austenite determination. Proto adheres to SAE SP-453 Retained Austenite and Its Measurement by X-ray Diffraction and ASTM E975-84 Standard Practice for X-ray Determination of Retained Austenite in Steel with Near Random Crystallographic Orientation.. Patented Fiber Optic Based Solid State Detectors Longevity and Maintenance Proto uses fiber optic based solid state detectors. The fiber optics allow the detector electronics to be remote from the sensing head making them suitable for measurements in harsh environments. Proto detectors are maintenance free and do not degrade with exposure to x-rays, thus less down time, better productivity and no hidden maintenance costs. Direct expose solid state detectors and position sensitive proportional counters degrade with exposure to x-rays and eventually require replacement which can be extremely costly. Because of x-ray damage, these detectors and counters must constantly be re-calibrated. In addition, some position sensitive proportional counters require periodic (bi-annual) maintenance to refill the sealed gas filled detector housing. Speed Proto detectors are the fastest detectors on the market today. A stress measurement can be performed in less than 0.3 seconds, an order of magnitude faster than any other detector technology commercially available. Position sensitive proportional counters can only detect one x-ray event at a time. In addition, there is dead time associated with their signal processing which slows data collection. Proto detectors have no dead time associated with them. They are multi-channel solid state detectors that collect many x-ray events simultaneously resulting in unmatched data collection speed. This is particularly important for laboratories with high throughput demands and for industrial on-line and audit station applications. Drift Position sensitive proportional counters can drift if there is any fluctuation in the DC bias voltage thus causing errors in peak position determination. Ambient temperature fluctuations, gas pressure and oxides on connections, to name a few, can contribute to detector instability and drift. Proto detectors are solid state, thus there is no positional drift associated with them. This means they are much more stable in harsh environments and at elevated or cold temperatures. Detector width Protos wide 2 detector range, 18.7 degrees 2for the 40 mm goniometer geometry offers increased accuracy on materials with broad diffraction peaks found in hardened tool and bearing steels. Flexibility in Residual Stress Measurement Techniques Most systems, particularly one detector systems, offer only double exposure and multiple exposure sin  ²Ã¯  ¹ techniques. Proto systems offer the double exposure and multiple exposure sin  ²Ã¯  ¹ techniques as well as the single exposure technique and the multiple exposure sin  ²Ã¯  £ techniques. This translates into more flexibility for characterizing samples with complicated geometries. Flexibility in Residual Stress Analysis With Proto equipment, unlike other diffraction systems, diffraction peaks can be fit using a number of mathematical functions including, Parabola, Gaussian, Cauchy, Pearson VII, centroid, and mid-chords. Proto also offers both the difference, and cross-correlation methods for peak position determination. This translates into both improved accuracy and flexibility. Focusing Optics Proto systems operate on a true center of rotation and are delivered pre-calibrated to meet exceed ASTM E915-90 Standard Test Method for Verifying the Alignment of X-ray Diffraction Instrumentation for Residual Stress and adhere to SAE J784a Residual Stress Measurement by X-ray Diffraction alignment specifications. All Proto systems operate using parafocusing optics thus eliminating the need for Sollier slits and allowing very fine positional accuracy in stress measurements inside 90 mm and 120 mm i.d. confinements (e.g. the i.d. of pipes and holes, or between parallel surfaces). The competition cannot offer access to such small holes. Simplicity in Use, Sophistication in Results Proto systems are easy to use and setup: Quick change apertures allow for easy adjustment of the irradiated area and sample setup (apertures can be changed in about 2 seconds) with beam dimensions (irradiated area) available from 0.3 mm to 5.0 mm. Sample positioning and focusing can be performed easily using the standoff pointer provided with all systems and through the collimator laser pointer which allows the user to quickly locate measurement locations. This is particularly helpful when using the Automated Stress Mapping option. The 4-Point bending fixture and Proto strain bridge are used for quick and easy determination of the effective x-ray elastic constant for new materials as per ASTM 1426-91, Standard Test Method for Determining the Effective Elastic Parameter for X-ray Diffraction Measurements of Residual Stress. The Proto Portable Electro Polisher is custom manufactured specifically for x-ray diffraction work, making material removal quick and efficient. Truly portable systems are available weighing less than 18 kg (40 lbs). Custom systems are available for customers with special requirements. Comprehensive turnkey systems are offered by Proto to their customers to simplify and expedite their stress measurement needs. Continuous Research and Development and a commitment to give you the best systems in the world. CONCLUSION:  · Other Sectionsââ€" ¼ Abstract 1.Introduction 2.Purification 3.Crystallization 4.X-ray diffraction data collection and analysis 5.Conclusion References Abstract Human phosphate-binding protein (HPBP) was serendipitously discovered by crystallization and X-ray crystallography. HPBP belongs to a eukaryotic protein family named DING that is systematically absent from the genomic database. This apoprotein of 38 kDa copurifies with the HDL-associated apoprotein paraoxonase (PON1) and binds inorganic phosphate. HPBP is the first identified transporter capable of binding phosphate ions in human plasma. Thus, it may be regarded as a predictor of phosphate-related diseases such as atherosclerosis. In addition, HPBP may be a potential therapeutic protein for the treatment of such diseases. Here, the purification, detergent-exchange protocol and crystallization conditions that led to the discovery of HPBP are reported. Keywords: ABC transporters, missing gene, apoproteins, atherosclerosis, paraoxonase  · Other Sectionsââ€" ¼HPBP was serendipitously discovered from supposedly pure PON1. The structure of HPBP (Morales et al., 2006 ) relates it to prokaryote phosphate solute-binding protein (SBP; Tam Saier, 1993; Luecke Quiocho, 1990 ; Vyas et al., 2003), which is associated with the ATP-binding cassette transmembrane transporters (ABC transporters; Higgins, 1992). Despite the existence of the ABC transporter in eukaryotes, SBPs have never been described or predicted by genomic databases in eukaryotes. The complete amino-acid sequence of HPBP (376 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 38.4 kDa) was assigned from the electron-density map at the 10% error level (Morales et al., 2006). Surprisingly, the deduced HPBP sequence cannot be retrieved from the human genome or other genomic databases. HPBP is related to a family of eukaryotic proteins that are named DING owing to their four conserved N-terminal residues (Berna et al., 2002). Similarly to HPBP, DING genes are also absent from DNA or RNA databases, although they are likely to be ubiquitous in eukaryotes. This raises numerous questions about the peculiarity of DING genes. The HPBP sequence deduced by crystallography is the first complete sequence of a DING protein and provides a precious basis for understanding the genetic mystery associated with DING proteins. We have provided evidence that HPBP is a new apoprotein mainly located on HDL (good cholesterol) capable of binding inorganic phosphate ions. Furthermore, HPBP presents 59% amino-acid identity with a protein named crystal-adhesion inhibitor (CAI) that may prevent the development of kidney stones by inhibiting the adhesion of calcium oxalate crystals to renal cells (Kumar et al., 2004). Thus, HPBP could be tentatively regarded as a potential predictor and as a possible therapeutic protein for treatment of phosphate-related disorders, including atherosclerosis. In this article, we report the purification, detergent-exchange protocol and crystallization conditions that led to the discovery of HPBP. HPBP was discovered by copurification from an apparently pure PON1 preparation. The HPBP/PON1-containing fractions were obtained according to a protocol based on the method of Gan et al. (1991) (Renault et al., in preparation) that was assumed to provide PON1 pure at ≠¥95%. Briefly, out of date plasma bags from blood donors (Etablissement Franà §ais du Sang Rhà ´ne-Alpes) were supplemented with CaCl2 to a final concentration of 10 mM before the resulting fibrin clot was separated by filtration. The filtrate was then submitted to a pseudo-affinity chromatography on Cibacron Blue 3GA-agarose (type 3000-CL; Sigma) using 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 8.0 supplemented with 1 mM CaCl2 and 3 M NaCl to avoid the adsorption of albumin. Elution of hydrophobic plasma proteins, mainly lipoproteins, was performed using 0.1% sodium deoxycholate and 0.1% Triton X-100 in Tris-HCl buffer. The PON1-containing fractions were pooled and separated from the other HDL-bound proteins, mainly apolipoprotei n A-I, by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow (Pharmacia Biotech) using 25 mM Tris buffer containing 0.1% Triton X-100 as starting buffer with a gradient of NaCl (0-0.35 M). Pooled HPBP/PON1-containing fractions were dialyzed and concentrated in the presence of C-12 maltoside (0.64 mM) using a centrifugation device (Centriprep Amicon, 10 kDa cutoff, Millipore, St Quentin-en-Yvelines, France) to a final absorbance of 2.3 at 280 nm. Light-scattering analysis revealed a homogeneous sample with an apparent molecular weight of about 80 kDa (Josse et al., 2002 ). This molecular weight was attributed to dimeric PON1 because the existence of HPBP was unknown at this point. Some dialyzed fractions spontaneously crystallized overnight. Crystal plates were very numerous and very thin (about 1  µm width). Once useless crystals had formed in the absence of precipitant agent, it was impossible to dissolve them again. Thus, crystallization trials were performed quickly after detergent exchange. Inspection of the resulting electron-density map clearly indicated that the crystallized protein was not PON1. The sequence deduced from the structure was totally unknown and not predicted by the genomic database. The complete amino-acid sequence was determined from X-ray data. This protein is the first inorganic phosphate transporter characterized in human plasma (Morales et al., 2006). The discovery of this protein by crystallography opens new insight into the physiopathology and medical treatment of phosphate-related diseases RECENTDEVELOPMENTS IN POLYMER CHARACTERIZATION USING X-RAYDIFFRACTION In the absence of an orientational force, thelamellae organize into spherulites (1-10 mm indiameter). X-ray scattering can be used to ob-tain structural information at three lengthscales—1, 10 and 100nm—using scattering atwide-, small- and ultra small-angles, respec-tively.A continuum of structures between the ex-tremesof what are generally regarded as amor-phous and crystalline phases are present in areal polymer, and these entities have complexorganization. But, a model that describes thesemicrystalline polymers in terms of two phases, an average amorphous and an averagecrystalline phase, has been found to be ade-quate for many practical purposes. The fractionof the material that is crystalline, the crys-tallinity or crystalline index, is an important pa-rameter in the two-phase model. Crystallinitycan be determined from a wide-angle X-ray dif- fraction (WAXD) scan by comparing the areaunder the crystalline peaks to the total scatteredintensity [12]. The accuracy and the precision ofthese measurements can be improved by draw-ing a proper base-line, using an appropriateamorphous template, and by carefully choosingthe crystalline peaks [13, 14]. The disorder inthecrystalline domains can be evaluated by measuring the crystallite sizes which are relatedto the radial widths D(2q) of the reflections at ascattering angle 2q by the Scherrer equation. Inreality, there are two contributions to the width:one is the size and the other is the para crystallinity or microstrain [15, 16]. A more detailed analysis based on the Warren-Averbach methodis widely used in metals and ceramics, but lessso in polymers [17]. The disorder in the crys-talline domains is also reflected in the unit celldimensions. But, calculation of the unit cell pa-rameters requires an accurate measurement ofthe positions of many crystalline peaks, which can be difficult. Therefore, in practice, relativepositions of selected crystalline peaks are used as accurate measures of the changes unit cellparameters [18, 19].Structures at length scales larger than a unit cell (10nm instead of 1nm) can be investi-gated using small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS). The methodology for these analysis isnow highly developed and can be found in anystandard literature [9, 20-24]. While WAXD isused to study the orientation of the crystals,and the packing of the chains within these crys-tals, SAXS is used to study the electron densityfluctuations that occur over larger distances asa result of structural inhomogeneities. SAXS iswidely used to study the lamellar structure bymeasuring parameters such as lamellar spac-ing, height and thickness of the transition layer betweenthe crystalline and amorphous domains. In theanalysis of fibers, SAXS can provide informa-tion about the details of fibrillar morphologysuch as fibril diameter and orientation, and large scale inhomogeneity such as microporesand cracks. This information is somewhat simi-lar to that obtained from a transmission elec-tron micrograph, with one important difference:SAXS requires no sample preparation , and thedata is averaged over the area (typically 0.1mm2) of illumination. SAXS is also used for studying conformation, size and dynamics ofpolymers in solutions and in gels. 3. New Methods to Study Polymer Structure The two-phase model for the polymer hasbeen quite useful in providing a qualitative un-derstanding of the polymer properties in termof its structure, but is not adequate for quantita-tive prediction of the polymer properties. For this purpose, a detailed knowledge of the char-acteristics and distribution of soft (amorphous) and hard (crystalline) domains, and the interac-tions between these domains is necessary. New techniques that have been introduced duringthe past decade provide precisely this informa- tion. Some of these techniques will be discussed here. 3.1. Microbeam Diffraction Microbeam diffraction, or microdiffraction,has been used in semiconductor industry for over 25 years [25]. It is now being used to ex-amine polymeric materials. In most routine characterization of polymers, it is assumed thatthe structure is homogeneous. But, this is not always the case. Temperature gradients are pre-sent during injection molding, and both temper- ature and stress gradients are present duringextrusion and drawing. These gradients intro- duce structural inhomogeneities that influencepolymer performance. Even filaments that are only 10 mm in diameter show variations in ori-entation and density across the cross section [5, 26]. These structural gradients, and the changesin these gradients during deformation can now be studied at spatial resolutions as small as1 mm using microbeam diffraction [26]. An ex- ample of the typical structural gradients presentin a shown in Figure 2 [6]. This diffractogram was obtained from KevlarTM fiber with a 3 mm 16 Synchrotron Radiation Facility) synchrotronsource. The data show that the Hermans orien- tation function of the crystalline domains in this12 mm diameter fiber increases from 0.955 at the center to 0.980 at the surface of the fiber.The higher orientation of the skin layer is obvi- ously due to large shear stresses at the spin-neret, extensional forces in the air-gap and the solidification in the coagulation bath. Such astructural gradient implies that the modulus de- creases from the skin to core. It is interesting tonote that these inhomogeneities gradually de- crease and disappear under uniaxial stress.Microbeam techniques have reached a level of sophistication that it is now possible to focus .X-rays on a micron size crystal and follow the changes in the structure from one crystal to t